سورة التين

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): وَ التِّینِ وَ الزَّیْتُونِ [By the fig and the olive]; Allah has sworn by the edible fig and the olive from which oil is pressed.

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) — Anas said: When Surah at-Tin was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), he became very joyful and happy, to the point that all of us companions witnessed his joy and happiness. I asked Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) about the reason for the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his family) joy and about the tafsir of Surah at-Tin. Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) explained: وَ التِّینِ [By the fig] means the land of Sham, and الزَّیْتُونِ [and the olive] means the land of Palestine.

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) — It is narrated from Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (may Allah have mercy on him): The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said concerning the fig: If I were to say that a fruit has been sent down from Paradise, I would certainly say that this fruit is the fig, because the fruit of Paradise has no pit; so eat it, for it removes hemorrhoids (painful swelling of the veins of the anus, sometimes accompanied by bleeding) and is beneficial for gout (severe pain in the foot and the joints of the toes, especially the big toe).

Imam Rida (peace be upon him): التِّینِ [the fig] is the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), and الزَّیْتُونِ [the olive] is the Commander of the Faithful, Ali (peace be upon him).

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): التِّینِ وَ الزَّیْتُونُ [the fig and the olive] are Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn (peace be upon them), and وَطُورِ سِینِینَ [and Mount Sinin] is Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him).

The Imams (peace be upon them): The surah وَ التِّینِ وَ الزَّیْتُونِ [By the fig and the olive] was revealed concerning them, meaning Imam Ali (peace be upon him), Fatima al-Athar (peace of Allah be upon her), Hasan and Husayn (peace be upon them).

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family): Allah, Blessed and Exalted, chose four lands and said: وَالتِّینِ وَالزَّیْتُونِ * وَطُورِ سِینِینَ * وَهَذَا الْبَلَدِ الْأَمِینِ [By the fig and the olive, and Mount Sinin, and this secure city]; al-Tin is Madinah, al-Zaytun is Bayt al-Muqaddas, Tur Sinin is Kufa, and "this secure city" is Makkah.

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): al-Tin is the mosque of Nuh which he built on [Mount] Judi. And al-Zaytun is Bayt al-Muqaddas.