سورة الروم

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family): Abu Sa'id says: When the verse وَ آتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَی حَقَّهُ [Then give to the near of kin his due] was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) called Fatima (peace be upon her) and granted Fadak to his noble daughter as the right of dhi'l-qurba (the near of kin).

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family): Atiyya al-Awfi says: When the verse فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَی حَقَّهُ [Then give to the near of kin his due] was revealed, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) said: "O Fatima (peace be upon her)! Fadak is yours."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): It is narrated from Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Fatima (peace be upon her) came to Abu Bakr and asked for Fadak. Abu Bakr said, "Bring someone to bear witness to this." So she brought Umm Ayman. Abu Bakr said to her, "To what do you bear witness?" She said, "I bear witness that Jibra'il came to Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) and said: Allah the Exalted says: فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبی حَقَّهُ [Then give to the near of kin his due], and Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) did not know who was meant by ذوالقربی [the near of kin]. So he said, 'O Jibra'il, ask your Lord who they are.' He said, 'Fatima is the near of kin, so give Fadak to her.'" They say that Umar destroyed the sheet that Abu Bakr had written concerning this matter.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): When this verse was revealed: فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبی حَقَّهُ وَ الْمِسْکِینَ [Then give to the near of kin his due, and to the needy], the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said, "O Jibra'il, I know the needy, but who are ذو القربی [the near of kin]?" He said, "They are your close relatives and kinsfolk." So he summoned Hasan, Husayn and Fatima (peace be upon them) and said, "Allah has commanded me to give you what He has bestowed upon me as fay' [war spoils obtained without fighting]. So I give Fadak to you."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Aban ibn Taghlib said: I said to Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): "Did the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) give Fadak to Fatima (peace be upon her)?" He said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) had made Fadak a waqf for Fatima (peace be upon her); when the verse فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبى حَقَّهُ [Then give to the near of kin his due] was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) gave Fatima (peace be upon her) her due." I said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) gave it to her?" He said: "Rather, Allah the Blessed and Exalted gave it to her."

Imam Ali (peace be upon him): From the servant of Allah, the Commander of the Faithful Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him), to Muawiya;... So our share and our right in the Book of Allah is set as a portion for us and for the prophets, for He said: "And know that whatever thing you gain, a fifth of it (khums) is for Allah and for the Messenger and for the near of kin" (al-Anfal/41). And He said: فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبی حَقَّهُ [Then give to the near of kin his due]. And you have not found our share alongside the share of Allah and His Messenger, and your share alongside the most distant ones; there is no share for you when you separated from it, so Allah has confirmed our share and dropped your share by your separation.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Hasan ibn Ali al-Washsha narrates: I asked Imam Rida (peace be upon him): "Did the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) leave behind other property besides Fadak?" He said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) left behind gardens in Medina as sadaqa, and likewise left behind six horses and three she-camels named al-Adba, al-Sahba and al-Dibaj, and also two mules named al-Shahba and al-Duldul, and his donkey al-Ya'fur, two milking sheep, and forty milking she-camels, his sword Dhu al-Faqar, his coat of mail Dhat al-Fudul, his turban al-Sahab, two Yemeni cloaks, his ring al-Fadil, his walking staff al-Mamshuq, a mat of palm-fibre, two Qatawani cloaks, and cushions of leather — all of which passed to Fatima (peace be upon her), except his coat of mail, sword, turban and ring, which he gave to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): When Abu Bakr was given allegiance and established in his position, and gained leadership over all the Muhajirin and Ansar, he sent a representative to Fadak and expelled the representative of Fatima (peace be upon her), the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), from it. So Fatima (peace be upon her) went to Abu Bakr and said: "O Abu Bakr! You have prevented me from the inheritance I received from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) and expelled my agent from Fadak, whereas the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) had assigned it to me by the command of Allah!" Abu Bakr said: "If you have witnesses for this claim, bring them." Fatima (peace be upon her) brought Umm Ayman to Abu Bakr. She said: "O Abu Bakr! I will not testify until I first argue with you by the words of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family). O Abu Bakr! I adjure you by Allah! Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: 'Umm Ayman is among the people of Paradise'?" Abu Bakr said: "Yes!" She said: "Then I bear witness that Allah revealed to His Messenger (peace be upon him and his family); فَآتِ ذَا الْقُرْبَی حَقَّهُ [Then give to the near of kin his due], and he (peace be upon him and his family) assigned Fadak to Fatima (peace be upon her) by the command of Allah." Then Ali (peace be upon him) came and testified in the same manner.

Imam Kazim (peace be upon him): In the book Akhbar al-Khulafa it is reported: Harun al-Rashid used to say to Imam Kazim (peace be upon him): "Take Fadak so that I may return it to you." He would refuse, until Harun insisted heavily. The Imam (peace be upon him) said: "I will not take it except with all its boundaries." He said: "And where are its boundaries?" He said: "If I define them, you will not give it." He said: "I adjure you by the right of your grandfather to define its boundaries." He said: "Its first boundary is Aden!" Rashid's face darkened and he said: "Go on." He said: "The second boundary is Samarqand!" Rashid's face turned ashen. He said: "The third boundary is Africa!" Rashid's face turned black, and he said: "Go on." He said: "The fourth boundary is Sif al-Bahr, which borders the islands and Armenia." Rashid said: "Nothing is left for us; come and sit in my place." Musa (peace be upon him) said: "I told you that if I defined its boundaries, you would not return it." At that moment he decided to kill him. In the narration of Ibn Asbat it is reported thus: He said: "The first boundary is Arish of Egypt, the second boundary is Dumat al-Jandal, the third is Uhud, and the fourth is Sif al-Bahr." Rashid said: "This is the entire world." The Imam (peace be upon him) said: "These lands, after the death of Abu Hala, were in the hands of the Jews, and Allah brought them under the possession of His Messenger without war, dispute or military expedition, and Allah commanded him to give them to Fatima (peace be upon her)."