سورة النساء

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): The verse of the obligatory shares (فَمَنْ بَدَّلَهُ بَعْدَ ما سَمِعَهُ فَإِنَّما إِثْمُهُ عَلَی الَّذینَ یُبَدِّلُونَهُ إِنَّ اللهَ سَمیعٌ عَلیمٌ [So whoever alters it after having heard it, the sin thereof is only upon those who alter it; indeed Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing]. (Baqarah/181)) has abrogated this verse.

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Abu Basir said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): 'Has the verse إِذا حَضَرَ الْقِسْمَةَ أُولُوا الْقُرْبی وَ الْیَتامی وَ الْمَساکِینُ فَارْزُقُوهُمْ مِنْهُ وَ قُولُوا لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفاً [And when there are present at the division the relatives and the orphans and the needy, give them (something) out of it and speak to them kind words] been abrogated and is it no longer necessary to act upon it?' He said: 'No, it is not so; rather, if these people are present at the gathering [at the time of dividing the inheritance], give them something [of the inheritance].'

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): It is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) that regarding the verse وَ إِذا حَضَرَ الْقِسْمَةَ أُولُوا الْقُرْبی وَ الْیَتامی وَ الْمَساکِینُ فَارْزُقُوهُمْ مِنْهُ وَ قُولُوا لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَعْرُوفا [And when there are present at the division the relatives and the orphans and the needy, give them (something) out of it and speak to them kind words] he said: 'The one addressed in this verse is the person who is in the throes of death and must make a will; so it is fitting that, if he is wealthy, he makes a will that a portion of his wealth be given to those relatives who [according to the sharia] do not inherit from him; but if he is poor, his excuse [for not giving them wealth] is accepted; and a person's providing sustenance to another is the very ownership and mastery over it.'