سورة المائدة

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Whoever kills an animal while in the state of ihram, it is obligatory upon him to offer a sacrifice like it. If it was an ostrich, then a camel in its place; if it was a wild ass, then a cow in its place; and if it was a gazelle, then a sheep in its place, as one who possesses justice from among you rules for it. And he said: "His justice lies in ruling with whatever ruling seems right to him, or in ruling to fast. Allah says: هَدْیًا بَالِغَ الْکَعبَةِ [an offering to be brought to the Kaaba], and fasting is for one who has nothing with which to pay the sacrifice as expiation. So let him fast three days: one day before the Day of Tarwiyah, the Day of Tarwiyah itself, and the Day of Arafah."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Abu al-Sabbah said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about game in this verse: وَمَن قَتَلَهُ مِنکُم مُّتَعمِّدًا فَجَزَاء مِّثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعمِ [and whoever among you shall kill it intentionally, the compensation is the like of what he killed, from the cattle]. The Imam said: "For killing a gazelle, he should sacrifice one sheep; for killing a wild ass, he should sacrifice one cow; and for killing an ostrich, he should sacrifice one camel."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): فَجَزَاء مِّثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعمِ [the compensation is the like of what he killed, from the cattle] — for killing an ostrich, one camel; for killing a wild ass, one cow; for killing a gazelle, one sheep; and for killing a cow, one cow should be sacrificed.

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Zurarah narrates: Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said regarding this verse: لاَ تَقْتُلُواْ الصَّیْدَ وَأَنتُمْ حُرُمٌ وَمَن قَتَلَهُ مِنکُم مُّتَعمِّدًا فَجَزَاء مِّثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعمِ [do not kill game while you are on pilgrimage, and whoever among you shall kill it intentionally, the compensation is the like of what he killed, from the cattle]: "Whoever kills an ostrich must sacrifice a camel; whoever kills an ass or something like it must sacrifice a cow; and whoever kills a gazelle must sacrifice a sheep and bring it to the Kaaba. It is a right obligatory upon him that if he is on Hajj and at Mina, he should slaughter it when people slaughter, and if he is on Umrah, he should slaughter it at Makkah, and if he wishes to leave it in order to buy it later, then after he returns he should slaughter it; this can serve in its stead."

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Whoever hunts while in the state of ihram must offer a sacrifice from the cattle equivalent to it, and if he does not find a sacrificial animal, it is obligatory upon him to give its price in charity.

Imam Rida (peace be upon him): If he hunts [while in ihram], he must pay a penalty: مِثْلُ ما قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ یَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ هَدْیاً بالِغَ الْکَعْبَةِ [the like of what he killed from the cattle, as two just persons among you shall judge, as an offering to be brought to the Kaaba]. If his game is an ostrich, a camel is obligatory upon him, and one who cannot find [it] must feed sixty poor people, and if he cannot find [that], he must fast eighteen days. If it is a wild donkey or a wild cow, a cow is obligatory upon him, and if he cannot find [it], he must feed thirty poor people, and if he cannot find [that], he must fast nine days. If the game is from among gazelles, one sheep is obligatory upon him, and if he cannot find [it], he must feed ten poor people, and if he is unable, he must fast three days. If the game is a bird, one dirham is obligatory upon him; if it is a chick, half a dirham is obligatory upon him; and if it is an egg, or he breaks it, or eats it, a quarter of a dirham is obligatory upon him. If he has an ailment in his head [and is forced to shave his head], he must give a ransom and expiation such as fasting, or charity, or a sheep. And "nusuk" is a sheep, or feeding six poor people, giving each poor person half a sa' (approximately one and a half kilos), or fasting three days. Whoever shades himself while in ihram, one sheep, or its equivalent in fasting — which is three days — is obligatory upon him. Whoever sleeps the nights of Mina in Mecca, for each night, blood he must shed [and a sacrifice he must slaughter] is obligatory upon him. Whoever is performing hajj al-tamattu' and does not find a sacrifice, fasting three days during the hajj days, and seven days when he returns to his family, is obligatory upon him. This is ten complete days.

Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him)- Muhammad ibn Awn al-Nasibi said: When al-Ma'mun decided to marry his daughter Umm al-Fadl to Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him), his close relatives came to al-Ma'mun... They sent for Yahya ibn Aktham, tempted him with promises, so that he would prepare a question for Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him) which he would not be able to answer in the presence of al-Ma'mun at the marriage gathering. The gathering was arranged. All attended. Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him) was also present. The Abbasids turned to al-Ma'mun and said: "Yahya ibn Aktham is here; if you permit, he will ask Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) a question." Al-Ma'mun said: "Yahya, ask Abu Ja'far (peace be upon him) a question in fiqh (jurisprudence), so we may see the extent of his knowledge of fiqh." Yahya said: "Sir, tell me: what is the ruling on a person in ihram who kills game?" Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him) said: "Did he kill it outside the haram or inside the haram? Was he knowledgeable or ignorant? Was it intentional or by mistake? Was he a slave or free? A minor or an adult? Was it his first time or has he done it repeatedly? Was the game a bird or something other than a bird? Was it from the small game or the large? Does he still persist in this act or has he repented? Did he catch it at night in its nest or in the open by day? Was he in ihram for Hajj or for Umrah?" Yahya ibn Aktham [was confused by the explanations Imam al-Jawad asked of him and by the various branches of the question] and could not say anything, to the point that he paid no attention to the position of those who had put him forward or to their expectations. The people also were astonished at the answer of Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him)... When the people had dispersed, al-Ma'mun turned to Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him) and said: "If you deem it fit, explain to us what is the ruling for each of these branches of the question concerning killing game in the haram that you mentioned." Imam al-Jawad (peace be upon him) said: "Very well, O Amir al-Mu'minin. If a person in ihram kills game outside the haram (hill), and the game is one of the large birds, he must offer a sheep as sacrifice. If he does the same inside the haram, the penalty is doubled. If he kills a chick outside the haram, he must give a weaned lamb, and he need not pay its price because it was not in the haram; but if it was in the haram, he must give the lamb plus its price because it was in the haram. If it was from the wild beasts [not a bird], for a wild ass a full-grown camel (badanah); likewise for an ostrich; if he cannot afford it, he feeds sixty needy persons; if he is unable to do that, he fasts eighteen days. If it was a wild cow, he must slaughter a cow; if he does not have one, he feeds thirty needy persons; if he cannot afford that, let him fast nine days. If it was a gazelle, he must slaughter a sheep; if he cannot, he feeds ten needy persons; if that is not possible, he fasts three days. And if he did this in the haram, his penalty is doubled; he must bring his sacrifice to Mecca and it is obligatory upon him to slaughter it (nahr). If he was on Hajj at Mina, he slaughters it at the same place of sacrifice where the people slaughter; but if he was performing Umrah, he must sacrifice it at Mecca, and he also gives in charity an amount equal to its price so that the penalty is doubled. Likewise, if he hunted a hare, he must give a sheep; but if he hunted a pigeon, he gives one dirham in charity, or with that dirham he buys food for the pigeons of the haram. For a young pigeon, half a dirham, and for its egg, a quarter of a dirham. Whatever the muhrim does out of ignorance, nothing is upon him, except for game, for which he must give the ransom (fida'), whether he was knowledgeable or ignorant, whether by mistake or intentionally. If the muhrim is a slave, whatever he does, its expiation (kaffarah) is upon his master and owner, equal to the amount his master would be fined. If the hunter is a minor, nothing is upon him. But if he repeats the hunting, he will be among those from whom Allah takes retribution; he need not pay an expiation — this retribution is in the Hereafter. If he pointed out the game while in ihram and the game was killed, he must give the ransom. And whoever persists in this act, in addition to the ransom, has the punishment of the Hereafter as well. Whoever repents of his act after offering the sacrifice bears no sin. If he came upon it at night in its nest by mistake, nothing is upon him, unless he did it intentionally; if it was intentional, whether by night or by day, he must give the ransom. The muhrim for Hajj sacrifices the ransom at Mina, at the same place of sacrifice as the people, but the one who has entered ihram for Umrah slaughters it at Mecca."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Halabi said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about a hare that a person in ihram hunts. The Imam said: "It is a sheep that must be brought as an offering to the Kaaba."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Jamil narrated from one of the Shia, and he from Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him), that he said: "A person in ihram who kills an ostrich owes a fat camel, and if he cannot [provide it], then feeding sixty poor people. If the value of the camel is more than feeding sixty poor people, nothing is added beyond feeding sixty poor people, and if the value of the camel is less than feeding sixty poor people, nothing is required of him except the value of the camel."

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Zurara narrates: Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said concerning the muhrim: "When he hunts game, the expiation becomes obligatory upon him; if he is on Hajj, he must sacrifice it at Mina where people offer their sacrifices, and if he is on Umrah, he sacrifices it in Makkah, and if he wishes he leaves it until he comes and buys it, and this suffices on his behalf."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): When a person in ihram kills game in the "hill" (the area outside the sacred precinct), the penalty becomes obligatory upon him. He must give that game as charity to a poor person. Then if he repeats it and kills game [again], there is no penalty upon him; rather Allah Himself takes retribution from him.

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): It is narrated from Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) concerning a person in ihram who hunts an ostrich, he said: "A camel is obligatory upon him هَدْیاً بالِغَ الْکَعْبَةِ [as an offering to be brought to the Kaaba], and if he does not find a camel, he feeds sixty poor people, and if he is not able to do that, he fasts eighteen days."

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): "Mithl" [the like] is the closest of the cattle in resemblance to it [the hunted animal]; if he kills an ostrich, a camel is obligatory upon him. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) ruled thus regarding the camel. And if he kills a mountain goat, a cow is obligatory upon him, and if he kills a gazelle or a hare, a sheep is obligatory upon him.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): When you enter the state of ihram, refrain from killing any living creatures except the snake, the scorpion, and the mouse. As for the mouse — kill it, for it tears the water-skin and kills the household with severe thirst. As for the scorpion, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) stretched out his hand towards the Black Stone, and a scorpion stung him, and he said: "May Allah curse you — you spare neither believer nor sinner." And the snake — if it wishes to bite you, kill it; and if it has no business with you, then you also have no business with it. The biting dog and the predatory beast — whenever they come at you [kill them], but if they have no business with you, then you also have no business with them. And the treacherous black snake, kill it in every state. And flick the tick off the back of your camel.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): In the Haram and in the state of ihram, the viper, the large treacherous black snake, every bad snake, the scorpion, and the mouse — which is the little corrupt one — may be killed. The crow and the kite are to be stoned. If robbers accost you, defend yourself against them.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): The muhrim [one in ihram] may kill the wasp, the vulture, the large treacherous black snake, the wolf, and whatever he fears will attack him. And he said: The biting dog is the wolf.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): The muhrim must kill every predatory beast, snake, and other creature that he fears for himself. If they do not come at you, then you also do not go after them.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Muawiya ibn Ammar narrates: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said concerning a person in ihram who hunts a bird: "For everything he hunts, it is obligatory upon him to pay its kaffara (expiation)."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Whoever becomes liable for the expiation of game he hunted while in ihram — if he was performing Hajj, he sacrifices the offering that is obligatory upon him at Mina; and if he was performing Umrah, he sacrifices it in Mecca facing the Kaaba.

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Zurara said: I asked Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) about this verse of Allah the Mighty and Majestic: ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [two just persons from among you]. He said: "By 'the just one' is meant the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) and the Imam (peace be upon him) after him." Then he said: "This is among the things about which the scribes have erred."

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Zurara narrates: Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said concerning this verse: یَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [as two just persons from among you shall judge]: "'The just' is the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) and the Imam after him, who give the ruling on it. So he is dhu adl (the just one); and when you know what Allah — through His Messenger, or the Imam after him — has ruled, that suffices you, and do not ask anything about it."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Ibrahim ibn Umar al-Yamani said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) about this verse: یَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [as two just persons from among you shall judge]. He said: "By 'the just' is meant the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) and the Imam (peace be upon him) after him." Then he said: "This is among the things about which the scribes have erred."

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Muhammad ibn Muslim narrates: Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said regarding this verse: يَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [as two just persons among you shall judge]: "What is meant is only one man, and that is the Imam."

Imam Ali (peace be upon him): What is meant by يَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [as two just persons among you shall judge] is the Imam.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Hammad ibn Uthman says: I recited this verse: ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [two just persons among you] before Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him). He said: "ذُو عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [one just person among you] — this is among the things about which the scribes have erred."

Imam Ali (peace be upon him): In the book al-Ihtijaj it is narrated: Imam Ali (peace be upon him) sent Abdullah ibn Abbas to the Kharijites in such a manner that he himself could see and hear the debate, so that he might ask them what fault and objection they held against him. Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) said to them: "What fault and objection do you hold against the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)?" In reply to Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him) they said: "We have objections concerning your companion, all of which necessitate his disbelief, ruin and punishment... and the third: we used to think that in the matter of judgement and ruling he was the foremost of all, yet he himself chose another [as arbitrator]..." The Commander (peace be upon him) said to Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): "Say to them... As for your objection concerning my appointing another as arbitrator, while I myself am more deserving of judgement than others — in this matter too I have followed the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), for at the battle of Banu Qurayza he entrusted arbitration to Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, and both parties agreed to his ruling and judgement, while the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was himself more deserving of ruling and judgement than all others. Allah says: لَقَدْ کانَ لَکُمْ فِی رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ [Indeed for you in the Messenger of Allah is a good exemplar] (Ahzab/21). I too took the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) as my model." They said: "This answer we have also accepted." Imam Ali (peace be upon him) said: "And as for your objection as to why I appointed men as arbitrators in the religion of Allah, [the answer] is that I did not at all appoint anyone as arbitrator; I only made the word of Allah — the Quran — the arbitrator, for Allah has made His own word the arbitrator among the believers, and in the verse: وَ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ مِنْکُمْ مُتَعَمِّداً فَجَزاءٌ مِثْلُ ما قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ یَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوا عَدْلٍ مِنْکُمْ [and whoever among you shall kill it intentionally, the compensation is the like of what he killed from the cattle, as two just persons among you shall judge], He has appointed men as judges in the matter of the compensation and attestation of the like of the expiation for hunting a bird. According to this verse, safeguarding the blood of Muslims is far greater and more necessary than the blood of a bird." The Kharijites said: "To this answer too we submit."

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Musa ibn Bakr narrates from someone who narrated to him from Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Zayd ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn had a number of letters in his hand and came to Imam Baqir (peace be upon him). In these letters the people of Kufa were inviting him to come to them and to rise up, and were promising him help. Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) asked, "Did they write these letters of their own accord, without any prior correspondence, or are they replies to letters you had previously written to them?" He said, "No, they wrote them without any prior correspondence, because they recognise our right and our kinship with the Prophet, and they see in the Quran that loving us and obeying us is obligatory upon them, and along with that they perceive our distress and hardship." The Imam (peace be upon him) said, "Certainly obedience to the true leader is something Allah made obligatory in the past for those who came before, and He has decreed it likewise for all people in the present and the future. But this obedience and submission is towards one person from among us, the family; however it is required that they hold affection and love for all the descendants of the Prophet. Allah carries out affairs by His inevitable decree upon a fixed measure, in ordered limits and at an appointed time. Beware of being deceived by people of no faith, for they cannot make you independent of Allah in anything. And beware of making haste, for Allah does not, for the haste of His servants, bring anything about before its appointed time. Take care that you do not run ahead of Allah, for trouble will seize you by the hem and throw you to the ground." Zayd, angered by these words, said, "The Imam from among us, the family, is not one who sits in his house and shuts the door on himself and holds back from fighting; the Imam is one who defends the rights of the people, wages jihad in the way of Allah, guards the interests of the nation and protects his own household." Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said, "Brother, do you find in yourself anything of this station, such that you must bring proof of it from the Book of Allah or from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family), or bring a comparable case for it? Allah has laid down what is lawful and what is unlawful, has fixed the obligations, has given parables, and has ordained recommended practices. He has never left the Imam who upholds His command in doubt or uncertainty about His directives, that he should carry out a matter before its appointed time or wage jihad out of its proper occasion. Allah says concerning the hunting of the animals of Mecca: لا تَقْتُلُوا الصَّیْدَ وَ أَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ [Do not kill game while you are in the state of ihram] — is the killing of game more serious, or the taking of a life which Allah has forbidden?"

Imam al-Sajjad (peace be upon him): Imam Zayn al-Abidin (peace be upon him) said to me: "O Zuhri, where have you come from?" I said: "From the mosque." He said: "What were you discussing?" I said: "We were discussing fasting, and my opinion and the opinion of my companions all settled on this: that apart from the fast of the month of Ramadan, no fast is obligatory." He said: "O Zuhri, it is not as you said. Fasting is of forty kinds: ten kinds of it are obligatory like the obligation of the fast of the month of Ramadan, and fourteen kinds of it — the one concerned has the choice: if he wishes he fasts, and if he wishes he breaks the fast; and ten kinds of them — fasting them is forbidden. The fast of permission is of three kinds: the fast of discipline, the fast of ibaha (permissibility), and the fast of travel and illness." I said: "May I be your ransom, explain these for me." ... And the fast of the expiation for hunting while in the state of ihram is obligatory. Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: وَ مَن قَتَلَهُ مِنکُم مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاء مِّثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ یَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عَدْلٍ مِّنکُمْ هَدْیًا بَالِغَ الْکَعْبَةِ أَوْ کَفَّارَةٌ طَعَامُ مَسَاکِینَ أَو عَدْلُ ذَلِکَ صِیَامًا [And whoever among you kills it intentionally, the compensation is the like of what he killed, from the cattle, as two just persons among you shall judge, as an offering to be brought to the Kaaba, or the expiation is the feeding of the poor, or the equivalent of that in fasting]. Then he said: "Do you know how the fasting equivalent to it is done?" I said: "I do not know." He said: "The game is valued at a price, a fair price. Then that value is converted into wheat. Then that wheat is measured to see how many sa'a it is; for every half sa' he fasts one day. The fast of a vow and the fast of i'tikaf (seclusion) are also obligatory."

Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him): Abdullah ibn Sinan narrates: I asked Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) about this saying of Allah concerning a person in the state of ihram who intentionally hunts an animal: فَجَزَاء مِّثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعمِ یَحْکُمُ بِهِ ذَوَا عدْلٍ مِّنکُمْ هَدْیًا بَالِغَ الْکَعبَةِ أَوْ کَفَّارَةٌ طَعامُ مَسَاکِینَ أَو عدْلُ ذَلِکَ صِیَامًا [The compensation is the like of what he killed from the cattle, as two just persons among you shall judge, as an offering to be brought to the Kaaba, or the expiation is the feeding of the poor, or the equivalent of that in fasting]. He (peace be upon him) said: "We look at the expiation which he must pay: either he pays it as a sacrificial offering, or he buys food equivalent to its value and feeds the poor, giving each poor person one mudd; or he looks at how many poor people that number reaches, and fasts one day in place of each poor person."

Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him): Abdullah ibn Bukayr narrates from one of the Shia: Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) said concerning this verse: أَو عدْلُ ذَلِکَ صِیَامًا [Or the equivalent of that in fasting]: "The value of this sacrificial offering is estimated in food. Then for each mudd he fasts one day. If the number of mudds exceeds two months, then it is not obligatory upon him to fast more than that."

Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him): Muhammad ibn Muslim said: I asked Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him) about the verse: أَو عدْلُ ذَلِکَ صِیَامًا [Or the equivalent of that in fasting]. He said: "The equivalent of the sacrificial expiation is that which he must give as charity, and if he has nothing to give as charity, then in proportion to the mudds of food which he ought to give to the poor, he should fast one day for each poor person's food."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Whoever has a sacrifice made obligatory upon him during his ihram may slaughter it wherever he wishes, except for the atonement for game, just as Allah said: هَدْیًا بَالِغَ الْکَعْبَةِ [an offering to be brought to the Kaaba].

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): The words of Allah: أَوْ عَدْلُ ذلِکَ صِیاماً [or the equivalent of it in fasting] mean that if he does not find the ransom [offering] nor its price, he should fast the equivalent of the expiation.

Imam Rida (peace be upon him): The fast of the expiation for [unlawful] hunting is obligatory; Allah the Mighty and Majestic said: أَوْ عَدْلُ ذلِکَ صِیاماً [or the equivalent of it in fasting].

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Wherever the word [أَوْ] appears in the Quran, it means choice, and a person may choose one of the two options.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Zayd al-Shahham narrates: Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said regarding this verse: وَ مَنْ عادَ فَیَنْتَقِمُ الله مِنْهُ [And whoever returns, Allah will inflict retribution on him]: 'One day a man, while he was in the state of ihram, caught a fox and brought the animal's face near the fire, and the fox began to cry out. Excrement came out from its rear, and his companions forbade him from what he was doing. Then afterwards he let it go, and then he went to sleep. While he was asleep, a snake entered his mouth and did not leave him until excrement was discharged from his rear, just as he had done to the fox. Then the snake left him.'

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) said: 'Concerning the words of Allah the Mighty and Majestic: وَ مَنْ عادَ فَیَنْتَقِمُ الله مِنْهُ [And whoever returns, Allah will inflict retribution on him] — whoever kills game while in the state of ihram, it is ruled upon him that he should give the like of it as expiation; and if he repeats and kills another [game], no ruling is passed against him [and there is no expiation], but Allah will inflict retribution on him.'

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): When a person in ihram kills game in the ḥill (the area outside the ḥaram), the penalty becomes obligatory upon him. He must give that game to a poor person. Then if he repeats it and kills game again, there is no penalty upon him; rather Allah Himself takes retribution from him.

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Muawiya ibn Ammar said: I asked Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): "If a person in ihram hunts game, what is the ruling concerning him?" The Imam said: "It is obligatory upon him to pay its kaffara (expiation)." I said: "And if he does it again?" He said: "Each time he does that act, a kaffara is obligatory upon him."

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): A person in ihram, if he kills game, it is obligatory upon him to pay its kaffara (expiation), or to give the game as sadaqa (charity) to a poor person; and if he returns and kills game again, there is no penalty upon him, because Allah takes retribution from him, and this retribution is in the Hereafter.