سورة الشورى

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) — Imam Ali (peace be upon him) said: A man came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said: "O Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family)! My father went to a slave of mine [my mamluk] and freed him in a way that caused me [financial] harm." The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his family) said: "You and everything you possess from Allah's bestowal belong to your father [are at your father's disposal]. You are a share of his possessions; يَهَبُ لِمَنْ یَشاءُ إِناثاً وَ یَهَبُ لِمَنْ یَشاءُ الذُّکُورَ وَ یَجْعَلُ مَنْ یَشاءُ عَقیماً [He grants to whom He pleases daughters and grants to whom He pleases sons, and makes whom He pleases barren]. Your father may free [your slave] and use your wealth and body for his own benefit, but you have no right to use anything of his wealth or body except with his permission (idhn)."

Imam Rida (peace be upon him): The reason that a son's wealth is lawful (halal) for his father without his permission, while the father's wealth is not lawful for the son except with his permission, is that the son himself is bestowed upon the father. Allah says in His Book: يَهَبُ لِمَنْ یَشاءُ إِناثاً وَ یَهَبُ لِمَنْ یَشاءُ الذُّکُورَ [He grants to whom He pleases daughters and grants to whom He pleases sons]. And also because the son's maintenance is the father's responsibility, whether small or grown, and his lineage is to the father, and he is ascribed to him and is called and known by his name. [They say: "So-and-so son of so-and-so."]

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): يَهَبُ لِمَنْ یَشاءُ إِناثاً [He grants to whom He pleases daughters] — meaning no son is with them, and وَ یَهَبُ لِمَنْ یَشاءُ الذُّکُورَ [and grants to whom He pleases sons] — meaning no daughter is with them.