سورة المائدة

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): Allah the Blessed and Exalted took a covenant from the prophets upon the wilaya (guardianship) of Ali (peace be upon him), and He took a pledge from the prophets for the wilaya of Ali (peace be upon him).

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): The breaking of the covenant by the Children of Israel was from several angles; among them is that they concealed the attributes of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family).

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): The words of Allah جَعَلْنا قُلُوبَهُمْ قاسِیَةً [We made their hearts hard] mean [We made them] hard and coarse, so that they do not accept the truth and do not soften.

Ibn Abbas (may Allah have mercy on him): لا تَزالُ تَطَّلِعُ عَلی خائِنَةٍ مِنْهُمْ [You shall always discover treachery from them] means [you continually become aware] of a treachery, that is, a sin, [from them].

Ali ibn Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him): فَبِمَا نَقْضِهِم مِّیثَاقَهُمْ لَعنَّاهُمْ [So for their breaking their covenant We cursed them] means the breaking of the covenant with Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him). وَجَعلْنَا قُلُوبَهُمْ قَاسِیَةً یُحَرِّفُونَ الْکَلِمَ عن مَّوَاضِعهِ [and We made their hearts hard, they alter the words from their places] — the intended meaning is those who removed Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him) from his position. And this indication is because what is meant by الْکَلِمَ [the word] is Amir al-Mu'minin (peace be upon him). And he said: The words of Allah وَ لا تَزالُ تَطَّلِعُ عَلی خائِنَةٍ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا قَلِیلًا مِنْهُمْ فَاعْفُ عَنْهُمْ وَ اصْفَحْ [And you shall always discover treachery in them except for a few of them; so pardon them and turn away] have been abrogated by these words of Allah: فَاقْتُلُوا الْمُشْرِکِینَ حَیْثُ وَجَدْتُمُوهُم [Kill the polytheists wherever you find them].

Ali ibn Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him): This verse has been abrogated by the verse: اقْتُلُواْ الْمُشْرِکِینَ حَیْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ [Kill the polytheists wherever you find them].