سورة الإنشقاق

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him): Ali said: I heard Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) say: When Allah wills evil for His servant, He reckons with him in front of the people and disgraces him with His proof and places his book of deeds in his left hand, and this is [the meaning of]: وَ أَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِیَ کِتابَهُ وَراءَ ظَهْرِهِ فَسَوْفَ یَدْعُوا ثُبُوراً وَ یَصْلی سَعِیراً إِنَّهُ کانَ فِی أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراً [And as to him who is given his book behind his back, he shall call for perdition, and he shall enter into a burning fire; surely he was among his people joyful]. I asked: "To which people does he return?" He said: "To his people in this world."

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): وَ أَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِیَ کِتابَهُ وَراءَ ظَهْرِهِ فَسَوْفَ یَدْعُوا ثُبُوراً وَ یَصْلی سَعِیراً إِنَّهُ کانَ فِی أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُوراً [And as for him who is given his book behind his back, he shall soon call for perdition and shall enter the blazing fire. Indeed, he used to be joyful among his people] — he supposed that he would never return [to Us]; why, this one too is a polytheist.

Imam Baqir (peace be upon him): What is meant by وَ أَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِیَ کِتَابَهُ وَرَاء ظَهْرِهِ [And as for him who is given his book behind his back] is his brother al-Aswad ibn Abd al-Aswad ibn Hilal al-Makhzumi, whom Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah have mercy on him) killed in the battle.